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Scrum PSK-I (Professional Scrum with Kanban level I) certification exam is a relatively new certification offered by Scrum.org. It combines the principles of Scrum and Kanban to help individuals and organizations improve their project management practices. PSK-I exam is designed to test an individual's knowledge of Scrum and Kanban, as well as their ability to apply these principles in real-world scenarios.
NEW QUESTION # 45
True or False: The Sprint length can be thought of as the team's batch size with Scrum Teams using Kanban.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Choose only ONE best answer.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 46
An existing Scrum Team wants to apply Kanban practices.
What can the team start doing get begin achieving flow? (choose the best 4 answers)
- A. Visualizing their workflow.
- B. Actively managing WIP.
- C. Inspecting & adapting their workflow.
- D. Limiting Work in Progress (WIP).
- E. Ensuring the product backlog is refined frequently.
Answer: A,B,C,D
NEW QUESTION # 47
In the context of Scrum, which of the following statements about Cycle Time are true?
(Choose the best two answers)
- A. Cycle Time for some Product Backlog items might be longer than a length of Sprint.
- B. Average Cycle Time should be shorter than a length of Sprint.
- C. Cycle Time should be exactly the length of a Sprint.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Cycle Time measures the time taken to complete individual work items, and while some items might take longer than a Sprint, on average, teams aim to have Cycle Times shorter than the Sprint duration to ensure a smooth flow and regular delivery of value. References: The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams.
NEW QUESTION # 48
What are the four key flow metrics in Scrum with Kanban?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Throughput, Work in Progress (WIP), Velocity, Lead Time.
- B. Work in Progress (WIP), Work Item Age, Throughput, Cycle Time.
- C. Work in Progress (WIP), Velocity, Lead Time, Cycle Time.
- D. Velocity, Lead Time, Cycle Time, Cost.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The four key flow metrics in Scrum with Kanban are:
* Work in Progress (WIP): The number of items that are currently being worked on.
* Work Item Age: The time that has elapsed since an item started, which helps identify aging work that may need attention.
* Throughput: The number of items completed over a specific period, helping to measure productivity.
* Cycle Time: The total time from when an item starts until it is finished, used to assess how quickly items are moving through the process.
These metrics are essential for understanding and optimizing the flow of work in a Scrum team using Kanban practices
NEW QUESTION # 49
True or False: Scrum Teams using Kanban can replace Sprint Planning with just-in-time feature planning.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 50
Upon which of the five Scrum Values does Professional Scrum with Kanban build?
(choose the best three answers)
- A. Openness.
- B. Transparency.
- C. Professionalism.
- D. Courage.
- E. Focus.
Answer: A,D,E
Explanation:
Professional Scrum with Kanban builds upon the core Scrum values to enhance flow and effectiveness within the team. The relevant values are:
*Courage: Encourages team members to address issues, experiment with changes in the workflow, and make adjustments transparently, even when facing uncertainty.
*Focus: Enhances the team's ability to concentrate on achieving the Sprint Goal and flow of work items by using Work in Progress (WIP) limits and other Kanban practices.
*Openness: Promotes an open environment where the team transparently shares information on work progress, obstacles, and opportunities for improvement, which is key for continuous inspection and adaptation in Kanban.
These values directly support the empirical process control and continuous improvement principles of Kanban
NEW QUESTION # 51
Who is in the best position to decide if Kanban may be a valuable complementary practice for a Scrum Team?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Stakeholders
- B. The Developers.
- C. The Scrum Master.
- D. The Product Owner
- E. The Scrum Team.
Answer: E
Explanation:
The decision on whether Kanban is a beneficial complement to Scrum lies with the entire Scrum Team. This includes the Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Developers, who collaboratively evaluate their workflow and decide if Kanban practices would improve flow and meet their specific needs. This is not the responsibility of a single role but a collective decision for effective self-management and ownership.
NEW QUESTION # 52
When using Kanban in Scrum, a team needs to use which of the following four metrics of flow? (choose the best four answers)
- A. Work in Progress (WIP)
- B. Work Item Age
- C. Lead Time
- D. Cycle Time
- E. Cumulative Flow Diagram (CFD)
- F. Throughput
Answer: A,B,D,F
NEW QUESTION # 53
For teams practicing Scrum with Kanban, which of the following can provide the most appropriate metrics for inspecting their flow? (choose the best answer)
- A. User stories and t-shirt size.
- B. All of the answers.
- C. None of these are Kanban for Scrum Teams metrics.
- D. Control Chart. Cumulative Flow Diagram (CFD) and Aging Work in Progress (Aging Chart).
- E. Story points and past velocity.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 54
True or False: A positive side effect of limiting WIP is that it creates a "pull system".
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 55
A cumulative flow diagram can show you:
(Choose the best two answers)
- A. The Cycle Time for an item that completed on a specific date.
- B. The exact average Cycle Time for all items completed on a specific date.
- C. The total amount of Work in Progress (WIP) for a specific date.
- D. The average Throughput for a specific date range.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
A cumulative flow diagram (CFD) provides insights into the amount of WIP and helps track Cycle Time by showing how long items stay in each stage of the workflow. This visualization tool is valuable for teams using Scrum with Kanban as it highlights bottlenecks and helps manage flow through the stages of the workflow.
References: The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams.
NEW QUESTION # 56
What flow metric best indicates when multiple items from the Product Backlog will be finished?
- A. Throughput.
- B. Cycle Time.
- C. Work in Progress (WIP).
- D. Work Item Age.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Cycle Time measures the time it takes for a single work item to go from start to completion. By understanding Cycle Time, a team can forecast when multiple items from the Product Backlog will likely be finished based on the average duration it takes to complete an item. This is essential in Kanban as it provides insight into the delivery timeline and is crucial for planning and predictability within a Scrum context. Reference: The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams.
NEW QUESTION # 57
What is a probabilistic forecast intended to communicate?
(choose the best answer)
- A. A forecast based on past performance that can help discussions about the likelihood
- B. The best way to predict the future performance of a team.
- C. A guarantee of when a certain amount of scope will be complete.
Answer: A
Explanation:
of achieving a certain goal in a given time frame.
Explanation:
A probabilistic forecast is intended to communicate a prediction based on historical data, showing the likelihood of completing a certain amount of work within a given time frame. It helps the team and stakeholders understand the probability of meeting certain goals or deadlines based on past performance, supporting more informed decision-making
NEW QUESTION # 58
Work Item Age is best described as: (choose the best answer)
- A. The amount of elapsed time between when a work item "started" and the current time.
- B. The amount of elapsed time between when a work item entered the Sprint Backlog and the current time.
- C. The amount of elapsed time between when a work item entered the Product Backlog and the current time.
- D. The amount of elapsed time between the start of the Sprint and the current time.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 59
Which of these be most influential at Sprint Planning? (Choose the best answer)
- A. Cycle Time metrics.
- B. Points Delivered metrics.
- C. Throughput metrics.
- D. Work Item Age metrics.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 60
Which of these statements are true about Kanban and the Scrum theory of empiricism?
(choose the best two answers)
- A. The Kanban board provides Scrum Teams with transparency that helps them inspect and adapt their process.
- B. Kanban helps Scrum Teams achieve faster, healthier flow. That brings more rapid transparency about the product, enabling a more effective inspection and adaptation loop.
- C. Kanban metrics are used in the Sprint Review to allow the Product Owner to inspect the Throughput and adapt the Scrum Team's Cycle Time.
- D. Kanban helps Scrum Teams deal with simple and complicated work where empiricism is not necessary.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
1.The Kanban Board Provides Transparency (Option A):
A Kanban board visualizes the flow of work, making it easy for the Scrum Team to see the status of work items, identify bottlenecks, and inspect and adapt their processes. This visual transparency is a fundamental aspect of both Scrum and Kanban and supports the empirical process control central to Scrum(
2.Kanban Helps Achieve Faster, Healthier Flow (Option D):
By focusing on optimizing flow (e.g., reducing Cycle Time and managing Work in Progress), Kanban helps Scrum Teams achieve a faster, more predictable flow of work. This improvement in flow brings more rapid transparency, allowing for more effective inspection and adaptation during Scrum events such as the Daily Scrum, Sprint Review, and Sprint Retrospective( Option B (Kanban metrics are used in the Sprint Review to allow the Product Owner to inspect Throughput and adapt the Scrum Team's Cycle Time) is not necessarily accurate, as the Sprint Review focuses on the product increment and stakeholder feedback, not directly on Kanban metrics.
Option C (Kanban helps Scrum Teams deal with simple and complicated work where empiricism is not necessary) is incorrect because both Kanban and Scrum rely on empiricism (transparency, inspection, and adaptation) to deal with work complexity
NEW QUESTION # 61
Who is accountable for managing the Kanban board in the Sprint Backlog? (Choose the best answer)
- A. The Scrum Team
- B. The Scrum Master
- C. The Developers
- D. The Product Owner
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 62
Which of the following is NOT true about cycle time when applied to Scrum? (choose the best answer)
- A. Average cycle time should be shorter than a Sprint time-box.
- B. Cycle time for some Product Backlog items might be longer than the Sprint time-box.
- C. Cycle time should be the same length as the Sprint time-box.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 63
A Scrum Team's service level expectation (SLE) is an input into the various Scrum events. In which event will SLE provide the most benefit towards maintaining good flow?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Sprint Review.
- B. Daily Scrum.
- C. Sprint Planning.
- D. Sprint Retrospective.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 64
True or False: Work Item Age is a leading indicator for the length of the Scrum Team's feedback loop for that (in progress) item.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Work Item Age is the amount of time a work item has been in progress. It acts as a leading indicator for the length of the Scrum Team's feedback loop for that item. If a work item stays in progress for too long, it indicates that feedback is delayed, potentially impacting the team's ability to adapt and respond effectively.
Tracking Work Item Age helps the team monitor flow and take timely actions to ensure that feedback loops remain short and effective
NEW QUESTION # 65
For teams practicing Professional Scrum with Kanban, what are the most appropriate metrics to inspect?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Control Chart, CFD and Aging Chart.
- B. User stories t-shirt size.
- C. All of the answers.
- D. Story points and historical velocity.
- E. None of these are Kanban for Scrum Teams metrics.
Answer: A
Explanation:
For teams practicing Professional Scrum with Kanban, the most appropriate metrics to inspect are:
* Control Chart:This chart helps visualize process stability and identify any significant deviations from the expected behavior. By tracking key metrics like lead time and cycletime, teams can identify trends and potential issues.
* Cumulative Flow Diagram (CFD):The CFD provides a visual representation of the flow of work through the system. It helps teams understand bottlenecks, identify areas for improvement, and assess the overall health of their workflow.
* Aging Chart:This chart shows the age of work items as they progress through the workflow. It helps teams identify items that are taking too long to complete and prioritize them accordingly.
These metrics are particularly relevant for Kanban teams because they focus on the flow of work and the identification of bottlenecks. By tracking these metrics, teams can make data-driven decisions to optimize their workflow and improve delivery performance.
Options B, C, and D are not the most appropriate metrics for Kanban teams. Story points and historical velocity are more commonly used in Scrum, while t-shirt size is a relative estimation technique that may not be suitable for all Kanban teams.
NEW QUESTION # 66
As input for Daily Scrum, which metrics are likely to provide the most actionable data?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Leading indicators.
- B. Lagging indicators.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Leading indicators are the most appropriate metrics for Daily Scrum because they provide information about the current state of the work and potential future issues. By tracking leading indicators, the team can identify potential problems early on and take proactive measures to address them.
Here are some examples of leading indicators that can be useful during Daily Scrum:
* WIP Limits:Are the WIP limits being adhered to?
* Blocked Tasks:Are there any tasks that are blocked or waiting for dependencies?
* Task Progress:How much progress has been made on each task?
* Team Mood:Is the team morale high or low?
By discussing these leading indicators during the Daily Scrum, the team can identify any impediments and take immediate action to keep the work flowing smoothly.
Lagging indicators, on the other hand, provide information about past performance and are not as useful for identifying and addressing current issues. Examples of lagging indicators include cycle time, lead time, and throughput. While these metrics are important for long-term analysis and improvement, they are not as actionable in the context of the Daily Scrum.
NEW QUESTION # 67
What would be the most appropriate reason for a Scrum Team to adjust their Work in Progress (WIP) Limits? (choose the best answer)
- A. When the velocity of the Scrum Team velocity becomes too low.
- B. When the work in progress is lower than the capacity of the Developers.
- C. When they want to improve their cycle time, workflow, and focus.
- D. When the Developers receive unplanned urgent work during the Sprint.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 68
Sprint Planning mainly leverages Throughput in order to create a forecast for the Sprint Backlog.
Which metric would be most relevant to inspect, during Sprint Planning, if you have some items left over from the previous Sprint?
- A. Story Points.
- B. Cycle Time.
- C. Work in Progress.
- D. Lead Time.
- E. Work Item Age.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 69
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